2014-12-11 10:03:14 辽宁华图公考问答 http://ln.huatu.com/wenda/ 文章来源：未知
Everyone, it seems, has a health problem. After pouring billions into the National Health Service, British people moan about dirty hospitals, long waits and wasted money. In Germany the new chancellor, Angela Merkel is under fire for suggesting changing the financing of its health system. Canada's new Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper made a big fuss during the election about reducing the country's lengthy medical queues. Across the rich world, affluence, aging and advancing technology are driving up health spending faster than income.
But nowhere has a bigger health problem than America. Soaring medical bills are squeezing wages, swelling the ranks of the uninsured and pushing huge firms and perhaps even the government towards bankruptcy. Ford's announcement this week that it would cut up to 30,000 jobs by 2012 was as much a sign of its "legacy" health-care costs as of the ills of the car industry. Pushed by polls that show health-care is one of his main domestic problems and by forecasts showing that the retiring baby-boomers ( 生育高峰期出生的人) will crush the government’s finances, George Bush is to unveil a reform plan in next week's state-of the-union address,
America's health system is unlike any other. The Unite States spends 16% of its GDP on health, around twice the rich-country average, equivalent to 86,280 for every American each year, Yet it is the only rich country that does not guarantee universal health coverage. Thanks to an accident of history, most Americans receive health insurance through their employers, with the government picking up the bill for the poor and the elderly.
This curious hybrid(混合物)certainly has its strengths, Americans have more choice than anybody else, and their health-care system is much more innovative. Europeans bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of their Research and Development (R&D) for them But there are also huge weaknesses. The one most often cited - especially by foreigners - is the army of uninsured. Some 46 million Americans do not have cove. In many cases that is out of choice and if they fall seriously ill, hospitals have to treat them. But it is still deeply unequal. And there are also shocking inefficiencies: by some measures, 30% or American health spending is wasted.
Then there is the question of state support, Many Americans disapprove of the “socialized medicine" of Canada and Europe. In fact, even if much of the administration is done privately, round 60% of America's health-care bill ends up being met by the government. Proportionately, the American state already spends as much on health as the OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development) average and that share is set to grow as the baby-boomers run up their Medicare bills and even more employers avoid providing health-care coverage. America is, In effect, heading towards a version of socialized medicine by default.
46. Health problems mentioned in the passage include all the following EXCEPT
A. poor hospital conditions in UK
B. Angela Merkel under attack
C. health financing in Germany
D. long waiting lines in Canada
47. Ford's announcement of cutting up to 30,000 jobs by 2012 indicates that Ford
A. has the biggest health problem of the car industry
B. has made profits from its health-care legacy
C. has accumulated too heavy a health-care burden
D. owes a great deal of debt to its employees
48. In the author's opinion, America's health system is
A. inefficient
B. feasible
C. unpopular
D. successful
49. It is implied in the passage that
A. America's health system has its strengths and weaknesses
B. the US government pays medical bills for the poor and the elderly
C. some 46 million Americans do not have medical insurance
D. Europeans benefit a lot from America's medical research
50. From the last paragraph we may learn that the “socialized medicine" is
A. a practice of Canada and Europe
B. a policy adopted by the U.S. government
C. intended for the retiring baby-boomers
D. administered by private enterprises
参考答案
46. 答案 B
本题信息点是“Health problems，，。该信息出现在文章第一段第一句：Every one，it seems. has a health problem. 根据语篇衔接与连贯规律，可以判断以下各句是在列举医疗问题：(1) British people moan about dirty hospitals，long waits and wasted money；(2) In Germany... the financing of its health system; (3) Canada's... the country's lengthy medical queues; (4) Across the rich world, affluence, ageing and advancing technology are driving up health spending faster than income。由此可见选项B 的内容不是医疗问题，为本题答案。
47. 答案 C
本题信息点是“Ford’s announcement of cutting up to 30，000 jobs by 2012”。该信息出现在文章第二段第三句，在文章之中事例的作用是证明某一观点，而该观点一般由该事例的前一句话表述：Soaring medical bills are squeezing wages，swelling the ranks of the uninsured and pushing huge firms and perhaps even the government towards bankruptcy. 其大意为： 高昂的医疗费挤掉了工资，保险者境况更加糟糕，并使一些大公司甚至政府都濒临破产，由此可见选项C 符合文章内容，为本题答案。
48. 答案 A。
本题信息点是 America’s health system，要求考生获取作者暗示到的关于美国医疗制度的信息。作者对美国医疗制度(体系) 的评论集中在第三段，要点为：(1) unlike any other ( 不同于其他国家)；(2) The United States spendsl6% of its GDP on health，around twice the rich-country. Yet, it is the only rich country that does not guarantee universal health coverage ( 花费多，覆盖面小)：(3) Thanks to an accident of history，most Americans receive health insurance through their employer, with the government picking up the bill for the poor and the elderly (大多美国人享受企业医保，政府负责老人和穷人)。选项A 符合要点(2) 的内容,为本题答案。
49. 答案 D。
我们以前做过多道类似的题目。解题步骤是首先阅读并理解四个选项，确定各选项的信息要点，然后在文中找到各信息要点所在语句并加以对比，最后做出正确选择。经过对照，我们发现D项 ”欧洲从美国的医学研究受益匪浅” 符合文章第四段第三句的内容:Europeans' bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of the Research and Development (R&D) for them 。如果没有美国医学界大量的研究开发，欧洲人在医疗上的花费可能要多得多”所以本题答案为D。
50 答案 A。
本题信息点是socialized medicine。该信息出现在文章最后一段第二句话：Many Americans disapprove of the “socialized medicine”of Canada and Europe. 由此可见选项 A 符合文章内容，为本题答案.
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